Item Interface in Oracle

Item Interface in Oracle 

Overview:

Oracle provides flexible tools in the form of Interface programs to import the master and transactional data like Customers, Invoices, and Sales Orders etc from external systems into Oracle Applications.

Conversion/Interface Strategy:

1. Data Mapping

During the data mapping process, list of all the data sets and data elements that will need to be moved into the Oracle tables as part of conversion are identified. Data mapping tables are prepared as part of this activity that show what are the data elements that are needed by the target system to meet the business requirements and from where they will be extracted in the old system.

2. Download Programs

After the conversion data mapping is complete, download programs are developed that are used to extract the identified conversion data elements from the current systems in the form of an ASCII flat file. The structure of the flat file must match the structure of the Oracle standard interface tables. These flat files generated may be in text form or a comma or space delimited, variable or fixed format data file. 

3. Upload Program

Once the data has been extracted to a flat file, it is then moved to the target file system and the data from the file is loaded into user defined staging tables in the target database using SQL Loader or UTL_FILE utilities. Then programs are written and run which validate the data in the staging tables and insert the same into the Oracle provided standard Interface tables.

4. Interface Program

Once the interface tables are populated, the respective interface program (each data element interface has a specific interface program to run) is submitted. The interface programs validate the data, derive and assign the default values and ultimately populate the production base tables.

The Item import Interface(IOI) reads data from following tables for importing items and item details. The MTL_SYSTEMS_ITEM_INTERFACE table is used for new item numbers
and all item attributes. This is the main item interface table, and can be
the only table used to import items.


MTL_ITEM_REVISIONS_INTERFACE is used if Item revisions history is also loaded with items. Item categories can be imported using MTL_ITEM_CATEGORIES_INTERFACE.

The import error can be tracked using MTL_INTERFACE_ERRORS table. The transaction_id and request_id populated by the import program can be used to link interface table and error table.

Required Data:

ITEM_NUMBER or SEGMENT Columns

Every row in the item interface table must identify the item and organization. To identify the item when importing it, you may specify either the ITEM_NUMBER or SEGMENTn columns—the Item Interface generates the INVENTORY_ITEM_ID for you.


ORGANIZATION_ID or ORGANIZATION_CODE


You need to specify either the ORGANIZATION_ID or ORGANIZATION_CODE that identifies the organization.


DESCRIPTION


When you import a new item, you are also required to specify the DESCRIPTION.

TRANSACTION_TYPE & PROCESS_FLAG

There are two other columns the Item Interface uses to manage processing. They are TRANSACTION_TYPE, which tells the Item Interface how to handle the row, and PROCESS_FLAG, which indicates the current status of the row.


Always set the TRANSACTION_TYPE column to CREATE, to create an item record (true when both importing a new item and assigning an already existing item to another organization). This is the only value currently supported by the Item Interface. The Item Interface uses the PROCESS_FLAG to indicate whether processing of the row succeeded or failed. When a row is ready to be processed, give the PROCESS_FLAG a value of 1 (Pending), so that the Item Interface can pick up the row and process it into the production tables.

Meaning of PROCESS_FLAG Values:

Code	Code Meaning
1	Pending
2	Assign complete
3	Assign/validation failed
4	Validation succeeded; import failed
5	Import in process
7	Import succeeded

Note:

When more than one of these columns has been entered and they conflict, ITEM_NUMBER overrides SEGMENTn and ORGANIZATION_ID overrides ORGANIZATION_CODE. It is strongly recommended that you use SEGMENT column instead of ITEM_NUMBER.

For performance purpose, it is advised to batch set of records using set_process_id column and then run import program for that set_process_id. The item import (IOI) program can be run in parallel if separate set_process_ids are passed while submitting.

Derived Data:

Many columns have defaults that the Item Interface uses when you leave that column null in the item interface table

Validations:

1] Validation for organization code (standard table: 

    ORG_ORGANIZATION_DEFINITIONS)

2] Validation for Item_number (standard table: mtl_system_items_b)

3] Validation for Description

4] Validation for Primary Unit of Measure (standard table: 

    MTL_UNITS_OF_MEASURE)

5] Validation for Template Name (standard table: mtl_item_templates)

6] Validation for Item Type (standard table: FND_COMMON_LOOKUPS)

7] Validation for ENCUMBRANCE_ACCOUNT (standard table: 

    gl_code_combinations)

8] Validation for EXPENSE_ACCOUNT (standard table: gl_code_combinations)

Note: You can add more validation as per your business requirement.

Record Insertion:

Through your custom program you can insert the below columns in the interface table. Again the list is a sample one; you can add additional columns as your business requirement.

Columns inserted:

• ORGANIZATION_ID                        –>Taken from ORG_ORGANIZATION_DEFINITIONS table
• ORGANIZATION_CODE                  –>Taken from Staging table
• LAST_UPDATE_DATE                      –>sysdate
• LAST_UPDATED_BY                        –>fnd_global.user_id
• CREATION_DATE                             –>sysdate
• CREATED_BY                                    –>fnd_global.user_id
• LAST_UPDATE_LOGIN                    –>fnd_global.login_id
• DESCRIPTION                                   –>Taken from Staging table
• SEGMENT1                                         –>Taken from Staging table
• PRIMARY_UOM_CODE                    –>Taken from Staging table
• PRIMARY_UNIT_OF_MEASURE      –>Taken from MTL_UNITS_OF_MEASURE
• ITEM_TYPE                                         –>NULL
• TEMPLATE_NAME                             –>Taken from Staging table
• TEMPLATE_ID                                     –>Taken from mtl_item_templates        
• MIN_MINMAX_QUANTITY              –>Taken from Staging table
• MAX_MINMAX_QUANTITY             –>Taken from Staging table
• LIST_PRICE_PER_UNIT                     –>Taken from Staging table
• ITEM_CATALOG_GROUP_ID            –>Taken from Staging table
• SET_PROCESS_ID                               –>1
• PROCESS_FLAG                                  –>1
• TRANSACTION_TYPE                         –>‘CREATE’

Standard Concurrent Program:

After you insert valid data into Interface table, you can go to Items > Import > Import Items and run the standard concurrent program. Here is the parameter form.

1] All Organizations:

• Yes: Run the interface for all organization codes in the item interface table.
• No: Run the interface only for the organization you are currently in. Item interface rows for organizations other than your current organization are ignored.

2] Validate Items:

• Yes: Validate all items and their data residing in the interface table that have not yet been validated. If items are not validated, they will not be processed into Oracle Inventory.
• No:  Do not validate items in the interface table.

3] Process Items:

• Yes: All qualifying items in the interface table are inserted into Oracle Inventory.
• No: Do not insert items into Oracle Inventory.

4] Delete Processed Rows:

• Yes: Delete successfully processed items from the item interface tables.
• No: Leave all rows in the item interface tables.

5] Process Set:

Enter a number for the set id for the set of rows you want to process. The program picks up the rows marked with that id in the SET_PROCESS_ID column. If you leave this field blank, all rows are picked up for processing regardless of the SET_PROCESS_ID column value.

Working with failed interface rows:

If a row fails validation, the Item Interface sets the PROCESS_FLAG to 3 (Assign/validation failed) and inserts a row in the interface errors table,MTL_INTERFACE_ERRORS. To identify the error message for the failed row, the program automatically populates the TRANSACTION_ID column in this table with the TRANSACTION_ID value from the corresponding item interface table.

The UNIQUE_ID column in MTL_INTERFACE_ERRORS is populated from the sequence MTL_SYSTEM_ITEMS_INTERFACE_S. Thus, for a given row, the sequence of errors can be determined by examining UNIQUE_ID for a given TRANSACTION_ID.

You should resolve errors in the sequence that they were found by the interface, that is, in increasing order of UNIQUE_ID for any TRANSACTION_ID.

Resubmitting an Errored Row:

During Item Interface processing, rows can error out either due to validation (indicated by PROCESS_FLAG = 3 in MTL_SYSTEM_ITEMS_INTERFACE and the corresponding error in MTL_INTERFACE_ERRORS) or due to an Oracle Error.

When an Oracle Error is encountered, the processing is stopped and everything is rolled back to the previous save point. This could be at PROCESS_FLAG = 1, 2, 3, or 4.

When you encounter rows errored out due to validations, you must first fix the row corresponding to the error with the appropriate value. Then reset PROCESS_FLAG = 1, INVENTORY_ITEM_ID = null, and TRANSACTION_ID = null. Then resubmit the row for reprocessing.

Useful Query:

01	Select
02	SEGMENT1,

03	DESCRIPTION,
04	PROCESS_FLAG,

05	SET_PROCESS_ID,
06	INVENTORY_ITEM_ID,

07	ORGANIZATION_ID,
08	ORGANIZATION_CODE,

09	CREATION_DATE,
10	ITEM_TYPE,

11	UNIT_OF_ISSUE,
12	TEMPLATE_ID,

13	TEMPLATE_NAME,
14	EXPENSE_ACCOUNT,

15	ENCUMBRANCE_ACCOUNT,
16	PRIMARY_UOM_CODE,

17	PRIMARY_UNIT_OF_MEASURE,
18	MIN_MINMAX_QUANTITY,

19	MAX_MINMAX_QUANTITY,
20	TAX_CODE,

21	REQUEST_ID
22	from

23	MTL_SYSTEM_ITEMS_INTERFACE
24	order by CREATION_DATE;

25	----------------------------
26	Select

27	ORGANIZATION_ID,
28	UNIQUE_ID,

29	REQUEST_ID ,
30	TABLE_NAME ,

31	COLUMN_NAME,
32	ERROR_MESSAGE

33	CREATION_DATE,
34	MESSAGE_TYPE

35	from
36	MTL_INTERFACE_ERRORS

37	order by CREATION_DATE;

Base tables that would be affected by  MTL_SYSTEM_ITEMS_INTERFACE

MTL_SYSTEM_ITEMS_B
MTL_ITEM_REVISIONS_B
MTL_CATEGORIES_B
MTL_CATEGORY_SETS_B
MTL_ITEM_STATUS
MTL_ITEM_TEMPLATES

Required columns in MTL_ITEM_REVISIONS_INTERFACE table.

The table is only used if Item revision is to be loaded in the same run with IOI. If this table is not used then items are created with the default revision setup for an organization.

PROCESS_FLAG = 1

TRANSACTION_TYPE = 'CREATE'

SET_PROCESS_ID = any numeric value(Should be same for the item in MTL_SYSTEM_ITEMS_INTERFACE table)

ORGANIZATION_ID/ORGANIZATION_CODE = Master/Child Org.

REVISION 

EFFECTIVITY_DATE

IMPLEMENTATION_DATE

ITEM_NUMBER = Same as item_number in mtl_system_items_interface table.
Each row in the mtl_item_revisions_interface table must have the REVISION and 

EFFECTIVITY_DATE in alphabetical (ASCII sort) and chronological order.

Required columns for MTL_ITEM_CATEGORIES_INTERFACE table

TRANSACTION_TYPE = 'CREATE'

SET_PROCESS_ID = any numeric value(Should be same for the item in 

MTL_SYSTEM_ITEMS_INTERFACE table)

ORGANIZATION_ID/ORGANIZATION_CODE = Master/Child Org

ITEM_NUMBER/INVENTORY_ITEM_ID or both

CATEGORY_SET_NAME or CATEGORY_SET_NAME or both

CATEGORY_ID or CATEGORY_NAME or both

For performance purpose, it is advised to batch set of records using set_process_id column and then run import program for that set_process_id. The item import(IOI) program can be run in parallel if seperate set_process_ids are passed while submitting. The IOI automatically separates Master records from Child, and  processes Master records first. However, as one IOI process is not aware of  other IOI processes running in parallel, do not split a given item's separate Organization records into two different SET_PROCESS_IDs that are being run in parallel.

Item import program can be run in 2 modes INSERT & UPDATE.
The method to update Item attribute columns to NULL is to use the following values:
· for Numeric fields: insert -999999
· for Character fields: insert '!'

Useful Metalink Note:

1. FAQ for Item Import [ID 109628.1
2. Error in Validating MTL_SYSTEM_ITEMS_INTERFACE [ID 1057175.6]
3. A Guideline to IOI Error Messages and Solutions [ID 52746.1]
4. How to Import Item Costs Using the Item Open Interface (IOI) [ID 191376.1]
5. Item Import Performance Tips [ID 66496.1]
6. INCOIN: Basic Steps for Researching Failed Item Imports [ID 552683.1]
7. Troubleshooting Guide for INV_IOI_MASTER_CHILD Errors in Item Import [ID 429924.1]
8. How To Prepare to Run Parallel Runs of the Item Import Interface INCOIN [ID 842767.1]
9. Item Import Gives Error: “The Default Primary Unit of Measure Is Invalid” [ID 789927.1]
10. Understanding Item Import and Debugging Problems with Item Import [ID 268968.1]
11. How to create a Category Set and Assign Items to Categories [ID 423551.1]
12. Item API Or Concurrent Manager, Which One Is Best For Item Creation? [ID 760498.1]